传统体育在养生中的独特作用

运用传统中医学与保健理论,结合体育运动原理,对我国传统体育养生思想进行了研究,分析总结了传统体育在养生中的独特作用,提高我们对传统体育的养生功效的进一步认识和在全民健身中的运用。     

资本投入、劳动力转移和农业经济增长

土地、技术、劳动力是农业经济增长的决定因素。由于我国农村市场发育迟缓，导致获得外生农业技术的成本很高。这样，内生农业技术进步和劳动力的适时转移就成为影响农业经济增长的主要因素。同时，在二元经济结构下，农业劳动力的转移也会影响到非农部门的经济增长。因此，建立一个基于内生农业技术进步的二元经济增长模型可以用来解释农业经济增长的历史过程，评价农业政策的绩效和效率。     

自然人流动对中国双边贸易的影响效应——基才引力模型的实证分析

近年来，自然人流动规模不断扩大，成为各国服务贸易发展的新动向。通过扩展基本引力模型研究自然人流动对中国双边贸易的实证影响，发现存在正效应，但影响低于发达国家水平。其影响有限的原因为国内严格管制流入和专业人员流出能力有限两方面，因此，要加强我国自然人流动自由化的发展并增强对专业服务人才的培养，才能促进我国自然人流动和服务贸易的发展。     

基于组织支持理论的知识型员工流失研究

1986年诞生的组织支持理论近年来在管理领域产生了重大影响。本文结合知识型员工的特点,对组织支持理论的影响因素进行分析,构建了企业知识型员工的POS违背模型,并以此为依据建立了知识型员工的流失防范机制。     

Dynamic incentives and retirement

This paper examines multi-period compensation contracts when retirement is anticipated. Short-term contracts in long-term employment relationships are equivalent to a long-term renegotiation-proof contract. The dynamic of incentive rates is determined by (i) how and in which periods managerial effort affects the contractible performance measures; and by (ii) the time-series correlation of error terms in performance reports. The model explains why long-term investments can decrease while incentive rates increase as managers approach retirement. Earnings persistence is negatively associated to earnings-based incentive rates but, towards retirement, high earnings persistence implies increasing earnings-based incentive rates.     

换工作对收入水平和收入增长的影响

本文利用中国社会科学院2002年的CHIPS数据,分析了换工作对于劳动者收入水平和收入增长的影响。本文通过控制初始的收入水平来解决异质性的影响。结果表明,对于初始收入水平较低的样本,换工作对其收入有正的影响,而对于初始收入较高的样本,换工作则有负的影响。如果直接考察换工作对于收入增长的影响,给定初始收入和其他特征,换工作对于收入增长的平均影响是正的。不仅如此,换工作对于低收入者的收入增长有较大的正的影响。     

Research article: Look after they leap: illustrating the value of retrospective reports in employee turnover

The prevailing methodology for studying employee turnover is limited because it emphasizes prediction rather than understanding. This paper critiques this methodology and draws out the implications of an alternative: retrospective self-reporting, by actual leavers. Retrospective self-reporting has three main advantages. First, it allows direct assessment of actual incidents of turnover, so interventions can be informed by accounts of real events, instead of being based on inference. Second, it offers insight into the dynamic character of decisions to quit, which are often unpredictable or precipitated by sudden events. Third, it allows for assessment of the role of non-work factors. This makes a methodological contribution, allowing greater insight into the decision to quit, which is ontologically, socially and dynamically complex. It has implications for how we construe and manage turnover. The argument is illustrated by a recent study of 352 UK National Health Service nurse leavers but has wider implications for turnover in the public sector.     

农村土地承包经营权融资方式创新——基于镇江市土地流转信托实践

十八届三中全会提出要加快构建新型农业经营体系,赋予农民更多财产权利.在此背景下农村土地流转信托迅速受到各方关注.相比于农村土地承包经营权抵押贷款等融资方式,土地流转信托在坚持农村土地所有权和承包权不变的前提下,发挥了农村土地承包经营权的融资功能,找到了一种既让农民流出土地后获得稳定收益,又帮助各类主体流入土地后获得足够金融支持实现土地高效利用的模式.农民、农业经营者以及信托公司三方以土地流转信托项目为平台,产融结合,实现了农地集约化、专业化、规模化的经营,推动了农地增值、农业增效、农民增收.     

Women’s snowboarding – some experiences and perceptions of competition

This article focuses on female snowboarders’ experiences with, and perceptions of, snowboard competitions. The article is based on a study conducted at an international women’s snowboard camp. The purpose of the camp was to discuss strategies for promoting females’ participation in the snowboard organisations and in snowboard competition. Interviews were held with eight participants aged 18–31?years. Most of the participants had been previously involved in competition. Their experience had been both negative and positive. Most of the participants perceived snowboard facilities (Big air and Half-pipe) as being too large for females and a possible constraint on participation. Moreover, the study’s findings reveal ideas concerning alternative competition formats as well as arguments for ‘women-only’ sessions as a feasible way to reach more female snowboarders, to provide skill enhancement, and to increase participation in the competitions. The findings are discussed in light of the development of snowboarding and Bourdieu’s theoretical framework.     

“You start by changing the whole cultural context”: aikido v. gender violence

ABSTRACT

Aikido is a martial art that focuses on non-violent approaches to conflict. The current article discusses ways that experienced practitioners of aikido adjust the social environments in which they practice this leisure pastime in order to pre-emptively address gender violence. Their approaches compliment the tactics of bystander intervention and community accountability strategies. This study is based on data obtained through naturalistic observations, participant observations, and interviews (n = 15) with people who had been studying aikido for an average of 12.4 years. Interventions were conducted at the levels of policy, leadership, curriculum, and game structure. The collection of modifications to aikido practitioners’ social environments includes resistance to binary opposition between two sexes, social hierarchies, violence against the self, homophobic talk, and suppression of empathy.